These harmful substances that are emitted into the air are called pollutants. Pollutants can be in the form of solid particles, liquid droplets, or gases. In addition, they may be natural or man-made The main (primary) air pollutants are; carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide.

Carbon monoxide - is a colourless, odorless, non-irritating but very poisonous gas. It is a product by incomplete combustion of fuel such as natural gas, coal or wood. Vehicular exhaust is a major source of carbon monoxide.

Nitrogen oxides - especially nitrogen dioxide are emitted from high temperature combustion. Nitrogen oxides help form acid rain. In addition, this pollutant can cause a wide range of environmental damage, including visibility impairment.

Sulfur oxides (SOx) - especially sulphur dioxide, is produced by volcanoes and in various industrial processes. Since coal and petroleum often contain sulphur compounds, their combustion generates sulfur dioxide. This is one of the causes for concern over the environmental impact of the use of these fuels as power sources.

In many countries in the world, steps are being taken to stop the damage to our environment from air pollution. Scientific groups study the damaging effects on plant, animal and human life. Legislative bodies write laws to control emissions. Educators in schools and universities teach students, beginning at very young ages, about the effects of air pollution.   

Air pollution, including that of ozone, is mainly the result of human activities. The small things you do every day can help reduce air pollution and hence improve the protection of the environment as well as human health. Here are some tips on what you can do, on a day-to-day basis, to help prevent air pollution:

Take public transport or carpool. Buy local produce. Save electricity. Educate others on how to reduce air pollution.